|
The ''Reichsgau Danzig''-West Prussia ((ドイツ語:Reichsgau Danzig-Westpreussen)) was a Nazi German province created on 8 October 1939 from annexed territory of the Free City of Danzig, the Greater Pomeranian Voivodship (Polish Corridor), and the ''Regierungsbezirk'' West Prussia of ''Gau'' East Prussia. Before 2 November 1939, the Reichsgau was called Reichsgau West Prussia.〔 Though the name resembled the pre-1920 Prussian province of West Prussia, the territory was not identical. In contrast to the former Prussian province, the ''Reichsgau'' comprised the Bromberg (Bydgoszcz) region in the South and lacked the ''Deutsch-Krone'' (Wałcz) region in the West. The capital of the province was Danzig (Gdańsk) and its population without the city was 1,487,452 (in 1939). The area of the province was 26,056 km2, 21,237 km2 of which was annexed Danzig and Pomerelian territory.〔Piotr Eberhardt, Jan Owsinski, ''Ethnic Groups and Population Changes in Twentieth-century Central-Eastern Europe: History, Data, Analysis'', M.E. Sharpe, 2003, p.170, ISBN 0-7656-0665-8〕 During its short existence Poles and Jews living in this area were subjected by Nazi Germany to extermination as "subhumans". ==History== The Prussian province West Prussia created from Polish territory annexed by Prussia in Partitions of Poland was dissolved in 1920, following the Treaty of Versailles. The bulk of it inhabited by Polish majority became part of the newly established Second Republic of Poland and was administered as Pomeranian Voivodship (Polish Corridor). The eastern remains of German West Prussia were attached to the Province of East Prussia as Regierungsbezirk West Prussia - a ''Regierungsbezirk'' ("government region") being a German administrative subunit of a province (''Provinz'') comprising several counties (''Kreise''). The western remains of German West Prussia were merged to the German remains of the former Province of Posen and made a new province, Posen-West Prussia. After the Nazis came to power in Germany, they reformed the administrative system by transforming the former German provinces and states into their Gau system in 1935 as a part of their Gleichschaltung policy. In 1938, German Posen-West Prussia was dissolved and its former West Prussian territory was attached to the German Pomeranian Gau. Also in 1938, the Polish Pomeranian Voivodship was expanded southward to comprise the Bydgoszcz region. The resulting enlarged Pomeranian voivodship was called Greater Pomeranian Voivodship (''Wielkopomorskie''). When Nazi Germany invaded Poland in September 1939, this Greater Pomeranian voivodship was first made the German military district "West Prussia",〔Andreas Toppe, Militär und Kriegsvölkerrecht: Rechtsnorm, Fachdiskurs und Kriegspraxis in Deutschland 1899-1940, Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 2008, p.398, ISBN 3-486-58206-2〕 and by a decree〔"''Erlaß des Führers und Reichskanzlers über die Gliederung und Verwaltung der Ostgebiete''"〕 of Adolf Hitler on 8 October merged with the Free City of Danzig and the East Prussian Regierungsbezirk West Prussia, to form the ''Reichsgau'' West Prussia.〔Andreas Toppe, ''Militär und Kriegsvölkerrecht: Rechtsnorm, Fachdiskurs und Kriegspraxis in Deutschland 1899-1940,'' Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag, 2008, p.399, ISBN 3-486-58206-2〕 The western remains remained outside and continued to be administered by the German Pomeranian Gau as Regierungsbezirk Grenzmark Posen-West Prussia according to the 1938 reform, while the Bromberg (Bydogoszcz) region stayed with ''Reichsgau'' West Prussia and was not attached to ''Reichsgau'' Posen, the later "Warthegau". The designation ''Reichsgau'' instead of just ''Gau'' indicates that the province primarily consisted of annexed territory. A Gauleiter of a Reichsgau was also titled Reichsstatthalter. Other ''Reichsgau''e were e.g. Reichsgau Wartheland and Reichsgau Sudetenland. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|